The size scales for atoms, molecules and cells
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Atomic and molecular interactions with nanostructures are highly sensitive to differences in their physical sizes and chemical properties.
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The same material in nanoparticle form is significantly more active for most chemical reactions because of the significantly larger surface area available for interaction as compared to the bulk material (e.g. gold nanospheres vs bulk gold).
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Physics: Electric fields induce the flow of electric charge.
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Chemistry: The reaction rates of atoms and molecules with other materials in liquid, such as nanoparticles, nanopores, membrane filters, etc. are determined by the dynamics of diffusion.
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Scientific Investigation and Experimentation: Formulating explanations using logic and evidence.
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