Dear Participant,

The ERC 2025 Guidelines 'First Aid' group, on behalf of the European Resuscitation Council, is conducting a survey to understand the use of naloxone, emergency kits, tourniquets, and cervical spine immobilisation by both trained first responders and non-trained bystanders across European countries.

As someone with knowledge or experience in these areas, your input is invaluable. This survey aims to gather insights into the current practices, availability, and perceived needs of these tools and techniques in prehospital care. Your responses will contribute to a deeper understanding of emergency response practices and inform future guideline recommendations.

This survey is designed for individuals familiar with first aid practices and emergency medical responses. If you feel that the survey does not apply to your knowledge or experience, you may exit at any time. For any question where you lack direct knowledge, feel free to consult with others in your field or organisation.

Completing this survey should take approximately 10 to 20 minutes, depending on the extent of the information you provide. Please note: this is not a personal survey; it focuses on structural and contextual data about prehospital care practices.

By completing and submitting this survey, you consent to the use of the data for scientific and educational purposes. All responses will be reported in aggregate form in publications. No personal data will be collected, ensuring your privacy.

We greatly appreciate your time and insights. Should you have any questions or concerns, feel free to reach out to us at guidelines@erc.edu.

Thank you for contributing to this important initiative.

Best regards,
The First Aid Writing Group
On behalf of the European Resuscitation Council

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