When the sizes of magnetic particles are sufficiently small (approx. 10nm, i.e. nanoparticles), they become single tiny magnets, align to the vector direction of a magnetic field, and are affected by the force from the magnetic field, hence forming a magnetic fluid in a solution.
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To create one unit of magnetic nanoparticle (Fe2O3), we must provide the exact stoichiometric ratio of two units of FeCl3 and one unit of FeCl2. Incorrect concentrations in our redox reaction will produce other type of nanoparticles that do not have the desirable magnetic properties.
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Solid materials can be dispersed in the colloidal suspension if their sizes are very small, on the order of ten nanometers.
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