LONDON: Refractive Surgery Didactic Course (Part 2) - Multiple Choice Questions Survey

1.Name:(Required.)

G. Grabner
Presbyopia

2.Select the true statement:
The theory for accommodation (and the development of presbyopia) - that is scientifically validated is:

The Schachar theory

The Helmholtz theory

The Coleman (catenary) theory

3.The correction of presbyopia is currently NOT possible by:

Changing the shape of the cornea

Implantation of multifocal IOLs

Prescription of reading spectacles

Modification of the vitreous body

Monovision (with contact lenses or IOLs)

R. Applegate
Quality of vision evaluation

4.Considering the correlation between high order aberrations and visual acuity presented by Dr. Applegate:

For photopic high contrast acuity there is little to no correlation between acuity and the high order aberrations

The correlation between high order aberrations and visual acuity is best for mesopic low contrast acuity

Photopic high contrast acuity is not as sensitive to minor changes high order aberrations as mesopic low contrast acuity

Answers a, b and c are correct

5.As the pupil dilates from approximately 3 mm to 6 mm in diameter:

Higher order aberrations increase in the normal non-surgical eye

In the normal non-surgical eye photopic high contrast acuity decreases slightly by around 3 letters

Hi order aberrations decrease in the normal non-surgical eye

Answers a and b are correct

C. Roberts
Biomechanics of the cornea

6.What are the hallmarks of the biomechanical response to laser refractive surgery?

Anterior central flattening and peripheral steepening

Anterior central steepening and peripheral flattening

Anterior central flattening and posterior central flattening

7.Which of the following is the greatest source of artifact in Goldmann tonometry?

Anterior surface curvature

Corneal biomechanical properties

Corneal thickness

J. Güell
Refractive reoperations and enhancements

8.Which statement is false about bioptics:

It was originally described because of a technical limitation in phakic IOL power

It is used to improve final quality of vision

It is considered any combination of corneal and intraocular refractive surgery

It is considered only the combination of a PC phakic IOL and LASIK

9.The most efficient treatment for epithelial ingrowth after LASIK is:

Mitomycin C

Lift the flap clean with absolute alcohol

PTK on the stromal bed

Lift the flap, clean both stromal sides of the cyst and suture the lenticule

V. Katsanevaki
Non-optical complications of LASIK and corneal surgery

10.The treatment of DLK stage 3 consists of:

Flap lift and irrigation

Wait and see patient every day

Prednisolon eye drops every hour

Both A and C is correct

11.Select the false statement: Flap folds…

Should be treated immediately

Can create irregular astigmatism

Should not be treated too early as they sometimes resolve

V. Katsanevaki
Optical complications of refractive surgery

12.How do human eye’s optical aberrations correlate with pupil size?

The larger the pupil size the higher the aberrations

The smaller the pupil size the lower the aberrations

Both A and B are correct

The pupil size is not related to the eye’s aberrations

13.Which are the major limitations of “super vision”?

Refractive errors

Diffraction

Cone spacing

All of the above

14.How to avoid keratectasia?

Exclude corneas with atypical topography

Leave a stromal bed of at least 250µ even after retreatment

Perform LASEK/PRK or phakic IOL implantation in borderline cases

All of the above

R. Nuijts
Complications of phakic IOLs

15.Which statement is WRONG?

ICL pIOL may cause cataract

Artiflex pIOL may show (non)-pigment deposition on pIOL

Artisan pIOL does not cause glare

PRL pIOL may luxate into the vitreous

16.Which statement in RIGHT:

Rigid angle-supported pIOLs do not cause pupil distortion

The distance of the peripheral edge of the Artisan pIOL to the endothelium may predict the amount of endothelial cell loss

ICL sizing can be performed accurately with white-to-white measurements

Posterior synechiae formation after Artisan implantation is not dependent on crystalline lens rise

J. Alió
Customised ablational procedures

17.The main problem of standard treatments for the correction of myopia is that they induce changes in the spherical aberration of the eye. Optimized treatments are those that consider:

To adjust the treatment to the preoperative asphericity of the patient for it to remain unchanged

They overablate the peripheral cornea in myopia not to induce positive spherical aberration following myopic correction

They try to improve the quality of vision of the patient, avoiding night vision problems that may appear in standard treatments

Optimized treatments require global wavefront analysis of the eye

Answers A, B and C are correct

18.In highly aberrated corneas, the correction of corneal irregularity is better guided by:

19.Total wavefront guided excimer laser treatments are indicated:

When significantly high levels of high ocular aberrations are present in the treated eye

They may be used in normal eyes to prevent the induction of high ocular aberratons by excimer laser surgery

They are more precise than standard treatments

They are indicated with the purpose of increasing visual acuity of the treated eye (supervision)

A, B and C are correct