Questionnaire on Health Staff Perceptions about Hate Violence

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* 1. Which Clinic/Hospital do you work at?

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* 2. How old are you?

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* 3. Marital Status

Married

Single

Widowed

Civil Partnership

Cohabiting

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* 4. In what service do you work?

Hospital Emergencies

112 call operator

Primary care/polyclinic

Other (please specify)

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* 5. You are a professional of:

Medicine

Nursing

Call operator

Driver

Other (please specify)

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* 6. How many years professional experience in healthcare do you have?

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* 7. How many years experience do you have in your current position?

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* 8. For each of the following types of discrimination, could you tell us if, in your opinion, it is widespread, quite widespread, quite rare, or very rare in our country?

	Very widespread	Fairly widespread	Quite rare	Very rare
Ethnic origin	Ethnic origin Very widespread	Ethnic origin Fairly widespread	Ethnic origin Quite rare	Ethnic origin Very rare
Gender	Gender Very widespread	Gender Fairly widespread	Gender Quite rare	Gender Very rare
Gender identity (transsexual or transgender)	Gender identity (transsexual or transgender) Very widespread	Gender identity (transsexual or transgender) Fairly widespread	Gender identity (transsexual or transgender) Quite rare	Gender identity (transsexual or transgender) Very rare
Sexual orientation	Sexual orientation Very widespread	Sexual orientation Fairly widespread	Sexual orientation Quite rare	Sexual orientation Very rare
Age	Age Very widespread	Age Fairly widespread	Age Quite rare	Age Very rare
Religion or belief	Religion or belief Very widespread	Religion or belief Fairly widespread	Religion or belief Quite rare	Religion or belief Very rare
Disability	Disability Very widespread	Disability Fairly widespread	Disability Quite rare	Disability Very rare
Being older than 55	Being older than 55 Very widespread	Being older than 55 Fairly widespread	Being older than 55 Quite rare	Being older than 55 Very rare
Homelessness	Homelessness Very widespread	Homelessness Fairly widespread	Homelessness Quite rare	Homelessness Very rare

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* 9. If you compare the situation with 5 years ago, would you say that the following types of discrimination are more common or less common in our country?

	Very widespread	Fairly widespread	Quite rare	Very rare
Ethnic origin	Ethnic origin Very widespread	Ethnic origin Fairly widespread	Ethnic origin Quite rare	Ethnic origin Very rare
Gender	Gender Very widespread	Gender Fairly widespread	Gender Quite rare	Gender Very rare
Gender Identity (transsexual or transgender)	Gender Identity (transsexual or transgender) Very widespread	Gender Identity (transsexual or transgender) Fairly widespread	Gender Identity (transsexual or transgender) Quite rare	Gender Identity (transsexual or transgender) Very rare
Sexual orientation	Sexual orientation Very widespread	Sexual orientation Fairly widespread	Sexual orientation Quite rare	Sexual orientation Very rare
Age	Age Very widespread	Age Fairly widespread	Age Quite rare	Age Very rare
Religion or belief	Religion or belief Very widespread	Religion or belief Fairly widespread	Religion or belief Quite rare	Religion or belief Very rare
Disability	Disability Very widespread	Disability Fairly widespread	Disability Quite rare	Disability Very rare
Being older than 55	Being older than 55 Very widespread	Being older than 55 Fairly widespread	Being older than 55 Quite rare	Being older than 55 Very rare
Homelessness	Homelessness Very widespread	Homelessness Fairly widespread	Homelessness Quite rare	Homelessness Very rare

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* 10. Some people may experience discrimination for more than one of these characteristics. This type of discrimination is known as "multiple discrimination". Could you tell us, if in your opinion, in our country multiple discrimination is...?

Very widespread

Fairly extended

Rare

Very rare

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* 11. Have you had any training on hate violence or hate crime?

Yes

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* 12. How have you acquired such training?

On own initiative or personal interest

Facilitated by health services

I have not received training on hate crime

Other (please specify)

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* 13. What would you say your level of knowledge is on hate violence/hate crime?

Very low

Low

High

Very high

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* 14. In your service, is there a common simple definition/nomenclature used to record hate violence and its monitoring?

Yes

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* 15. Is there a protocol for the detection of hate violence?

Yes

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* 16. How often have you encountered aggression or hate violence in your professional practice?

Always

Often

Rarely

Never

If you have not encountered aggression or hate violence, answer N/A for the remaining questions in the survey.

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* 17. Could you tell us an estimated number of approximate hate aggressions that you have found in your professional practice in the last year?

1 to 5

6 to 10

11 to 15

16 to 20

21 to 25

26 to 30

More than 30

N/A - no hate aggressions encountered

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* 18. In your professional practice, what type of hate violence is most frequently encountered? Violence due to: [choose just one answer]

Ethnic origin

Gender

Gender identity (transsexual or transgender)

Sexual orientation

Age

Religion or belief

Disability

Being older than 55

Homelessness

N/A - not encountered hate violence in my professional practice

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* 19. Are the police made aware by the health services of the possible existence of a case of hate violence?

Yes

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* 20. When a possible aggression or hate violence is detected, which of the following data are recorded?

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* 21. In general, victims of hate violence/crime that you have encountered: Do they usually go to health services by themselves/ on their own initiative or are they referred/accompanied by a service/professional?

By themselves

Referred by emergency services

Referred from primary care/polyclinic

Accompanied or advised by the police

Accompanied or advised by witnesses

Other (please specify)

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* 22. In general, how much time has passed since the assault or incident is committed until the individual goes to the health services?

Immediately

After a few hours

The next day

After several days

More than a week

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* 23. How often do you think patients tend to report hate attacks?

Always

Often

Rarely

Never

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* 24. What do you think are the reasons for the victims not to report the aggressions? [Multiple choice of reasons in order of priority: 1, 2 and 3]

Perception that not enough is done to fight against these crimes

N/A

Normalisation by victims of this kind of violence

N/A

Lack of knowledge of legislation

N/A

Fear of retaliation

N/A

Feelings of shame and/or denial of the facts

N/A

Fear of revealing sexual orientation, gender identity, irregularity of asylum status, etc.

N/A

Distrust of authorities, police

N/A

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* 25. What would you say are the most frequent physical consequences of hate violence?

Acute physical injuries (contusions, fractures, lacerations, burns, broken teeth, hemorrhages, minor infections etc)

More serious physical injuries that can lead to disabilities (head, chest, eyes, abdomen, serious infections etc)

Gastrointestinal pathologies, long-term health problems, poor health status

Death

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* 26. In addition to physical injuries, what do you consider to be the three most common psychological consequences for victims? [Multiple choice of three reasons in order of priority]

Extreme fear, panic or terror

Rage or anger

Helplessness, low self-esteem

Intensified state of alert

Depression

Sleep and/or eating disorders

Stress and anxiety

Self-harm or suicide attempts

N/A

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* 27. Where would you say hate violence occurs most often? [Multiple choice of three reasons, in order of priority]

Public path

Housing

Hotel, leisure establishments

Sports facilities

Open spaces (park, garden, beach etc)

Religious centres

Other

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* 28. Do you think that legislation is sufficient and effective to prevent hate violence?

Very

Somewhat

Not much

Not at all

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* 29. I consider that the detection capacity of health services for hate violence is:

High

Medium

Low

Non-existent

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* 30. How do you think the health services could improve detection of hate crimes? [Order of priority]

Training of professionals

Creating or improving action protocols

Improving coordination with other public services (police, justice etc)

Increasing awareness of hate crime among health professionals

Improving the collection of information and registration of hate crimes

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* 31. Do you consent to the use of your answers in this anonymous questionnaire for our research?

Yes

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* 32. Would you consent to an interview with the researcher on this project to discuss your experience on this topic further? If yes, please leave an email address so we can get in touch.

	Yes	No
Data of the victim	Data of the victim Yes	Data of the victim No
Motivation for the crime (gender, age, ethnicity, religion, sexual orientation, disability etc)	Motivation for the crime (gender, age, ethnicity, religion, sexual orientation, disability etc) Yes	Motivation for the crime (gender, age, ethnicity, religion, sexual orientation, disability etc) No
Type of violence exerted on the victim	Type of violence exerted on the victim Yes	Type of violence exerted on the victim No
Description of type and severity of physical injuries	Description of type and severity of physical injuries Yes	Description of type and severity of physical injuries No
Description of the location of the lesions	Description of the location of the lesions Yes	Description of the location of the lesions No
Reference to the psychological state of the victim	Reference to the psychological state of the victim Yes	Reference to the psychological state of the victim No
Therapeutic measures performed	Therapeutic measures performed Yes	Therapeutic measures performed No
Reasons for the incident	Reasons for the incident Yes	Reasons for the incident No
Place, date and time of the incident	Place, date and time of the incident Yes	Place, date and time of the incident No
Perception of the victim(s)	Perception of the victim(s) Yes	Perception of the victim(s) No
Resolution or derivation of the case	Resolution or derivation of the case Yes	Resolution or derivation of the case No
Description of the aggressors	Description of the aggressors Yes	Description of the aggressors No
Possible witnesses	Possible witnesses Yes	Possible witnesses No
Relationship between the victim and the aggressor	Relationship between the victim and the aggressor Yes	Relationship between the victim and the aggressor No
Reference to previous or repeated aggressions	Reference to previous or repeated aggressions Yes	Reference to previous or repeated aggressions No
Data of the doctor who provides assistance	Data of the doctor who provides assistance Yes	Data of the doctor who provides assistance No
Companions of the victim at the health services	Companions of the victim at the health services Yes	Companions of the victim at the health services No
N/A - not encountered hate crime in my professional practice	N/A - not encountered hate crime in my professional practice Yes	N/A - not encountered hate crime in my professional practice No