AI in Libraries: Adoption, Impact, and Challenges Thank you for taking part in this survey exploring how libraries and library professionals are engaging with artificial intelligence, including its adoption, impact on services and users, and implications for scholarly information discovery and access. Your responses will be analysed in aggregate and will remain confidential.As a thank you for participating, you will have the option to enter a prize draw to win an online shopping voucher worth £200 (or the equivalent in your local currency, where possible). The prize draw is open to residents of permitted jurisdictions. (View prize draw terms and conditions).This survey is being led by Kudos and sponsored by Emerald Publishing, Elsevier, Wiley, Springer Nature, IOP Publishing, Silverchair, American Physical Society, Oxford University Press, BMJ Group, IEEE, ProQuest, Cactus, Wolters Kluwer / OVID, De Gruyter Brill, AIP Publishing and Royal Society of Chemistry. AI and Librarianship Question Title * In your opinion, do you consider the net effect of AI in libraries to be an opportunity or threat? Primarily an opportunity – AI will strengthen library services and the role of librarians Mostly an opportunity, but with some risks Neutral / mixed impact – AI will bring both benefits and challenges, with no clear overall direction Mostly a threat, but with some opportunities Primarily a threat – AI is likely to weaken or displace aspects of library/librarian roles Too early to say / unsure Other (please specify) Question Title * How would you describe the extent to which your library has engaged with AI so far? No engagement yet, none planned No engagement yet but we are planning to engage Early exploration Pilot projects Established practice Advanced integration Leading the sector I don’t know Question Title * More specifically, how would you describe the extent of engagement so far in each of these areas? Nothing planned Initial plans Early exploration Pilot project Established practice Advanced integration Leading the sector Don’t know N/A Content creation / enhancement Content creation / enhancement Nothing planned Content creation / enhancement Initial plans Content creation / enhancement Early exploration Content creation / enhancement Pilot project Content creation / enhancement Established practice Content creation / enhancement Advanced integration Content creation / enhancement Leading the sector Content creation / enhancement Don’t know Content creation / enhancement N/A Teaching and user support Teaching and user support Nothing planned Teaching and user support Initial plans Teaching and user support Early exploration Teaching and user support Pilot project Teaching and user support Established practice Teaching and user support Advanced integration Teaching and user support Leading the sector Teaching and user support Don’t know Teaching and user support N/A Research and discovery Research and discovery Nothing planned Research and discovery Initial plans Research and discovery Early exploration Research and discovery Pilot project Research and discovery Established practice Research and discovery Advanced integration Research and discovery Leading the sector Research and discovery Don’t know Research and discovery N/A Workflows and operations Workflows and operations Nothing planned Workflows and operations Initial plans Workflows and operations Early exploration Workflows and operations Pilot project Workflows and operations Established practice Workflows and operations Advanced integration Workflows and operations Leading the sector Workflows and operations Don’t know Workflows and operations N/A User-facing systems and services User-facing systems and services Nothing planned User-facing systems and services Initial plans User-facing systems and services Early exploration User-facing systems and services Pilot project User-facing systems and services Established practice User-facing systems and services Advanced integration User-facing systems and services Leading the sector User-facing systems and services Don’t know User-facing systems and services N/A Policy, ethics, governance Policy, ethics, governance Nothing planned Policy, ethics, governance Initial plans Policy, ethics, governance Early exploration Policy, ethics, governance Pilot project Policy, ethics, governance Established practice Policy, ethics, governance Advanced integration Policy, ethics, governance Leading the sector Policy, ethics, governance Don’t know Policy, ethics, governance N/A Question Title * Thinking about those areas at a sector level, rather than in your institution specifically, could you rank them in terms of where you expect AI to be most heavily integrated in the next two years? Question Title * Are you using any of the following AI tools in your own work?We will ask about your users in a later question – please just reflect on your own tool usage here. Scite.ai Co-pilot (Microsoft) ResearchRabbit Semantic Scholar Perplexity Consensus ERNIE (Baidu) Grok (X) Elicit Prism (OpenAI) Claude (Anthropic) Scholar Gateway (Wiley) LeapSpace (Elsevier) DeepSeek Gemini (Google) ChatGPT (OpenAI) Other (please specify) Next