ESSA: Let's Talk Should South Dakota use a norm-referenced or criterion-referenced accountability model? Why? Currently, South Dakota measures school performance in terms of standing relative to others in the group (norm-referenced). For example, School A has a School Performance Index (SPI) score that puts it in the top 5% of scores statewide, earning it the classification of “Exemplary.” South Dakota could use a criterion-referenced model, which would measure school performance in terms of a clearly defined threshold. A grading system of A-F is an example. Keep in mind that no matter what the type of system, the state is still required to identify the bottom 5 percent of Title I schools for comprehensive support and improvement. Question Title * 1. Provide input on this question below: Done