QBoost Question of the Month - May 2019

Question Title

* The ASRM committee opinion on smoking and infertility states: “the literature strongly supports an association between cigarette smoking and infertility.” However, two systematic reviews concluded that causality could not be excluded. The document then describes the criteria for causality and the status of the existing information.

Which of the following statements are TRUE? (Choose two.)

A. Causation indicates that one event is the result of the occurrence of another event; that is, there is a causal relationship between the two events.

B. Several studies have indicated a dose-dependent adverse effect of smoking on fertility, even in half-pack-per-day smokers.

C. Ex-smokers do not have a return to normal fecundity.

D. The association between smoking and increased risk for infertility is statistically signiﬁcant and strong in most studies.

E. The specificity of the association between smoking and infertility is strong.