The Challenge of Clostridium difficile and Antimicrobial-Resistant Gram-negative Infections:
Opportunities to Re-evaluate Current Management Approaches

Pre-Activity Self-Assessment

Antimicrobial exposure

Robust host immune response to C. difficile toxin

Intestinal dysbiosis

C. difficile toxin production

Higher overall clinical cure rates

Higher clinical cure rates for moderate-to-severe CDI only

Lower clinical cure rates in patients with mild infection

Lower rates of recurrent infection

As prophylaxis for a 45-year-old woman undergoing a stem cell transplantation with no history of CDI

As primary treatment for a 67-year-old man with an initial CDI episode

As primary treatment for a 79-year-old man with a second episode of CDI in the past 5 weeks

Combined with standard of care for a 57-year-old woman with 3 episodes of CDI in the past 2 months

Methicillin-resistant S. aureus

Carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa

Carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii

Carbapenem-resistant, ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae

ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae

Fluoroquinolone-resistant E. coli

Metallo-beta-lactamase-producing K. pneumoniae

Multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa

Moxifloxacin

Ceftazidime

Imipenem

Linezolid