Effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on temperate and boreal forests

Survey overview

The global coronavirus pandemic has been affecting people worldwide since the beginning of 2020. There has also been a noticed effect on ecosystems globally. We would like your views on the immediate impacts of the pandemic on Temperate and Boreal forests and also your perspective on the impacts on these forests from now until 2025.

We have used the Montreal Process Criteria and Indicator (www.montrealprocess.org) framework in this survey to explore impacts on all aspects of temperate and boreal forests. namely biological diversity; productive capacity; health and vitality; soil and water; carbon stocks and fluxes; socio-economic aspects; and legal, institutional and economic frameworks.

Questions 1-7 explore the immediate effects and questions 8-14 explore your views on impacts in the next five years up to 2025.

Finally we ask for your views on actions that we might need to take to maintain progress towards Sustainable Forest Management in temperate and boreal forests.

The survey is anonymous and responses will be summarised for a presentation at the XV World Forestry Congress in Seoul, Republic of Korea, in May 2021.

If you would like to receive the survey results or to be contacted with follow up questions there is an opportunity to leave your contact details at the end of the survey.

Question Title

* 1. What immediate effects have you seen on biological diversity in forests in your country as a result of Covid-19

	Negative	None	Positive	Variable	Unknown
Ecosystem diversity	Ecosystem diversity Negative	Ecosystem diversity None	Ecosystem diversity Positive	Ecosystem diversity Variable	Ecosystem diversity Unknown
Species diversity	Species diversity Negative	Species diversity None	Species diversity Positive	Species diversity Variable	Species diversity Unknown
Genetic diversity	Genetic diversity Negative	Genetic diversity None	Genetic diversity Positive	Genetic diversity Variable	Genetic diversity Unknown

Comments

Question Title

* 2. What immediate effects have you seen on productive capacity of forests in your country as a consequence of Covid-19

	Decrease	None	Increase	Variable	Unknown
Effect on forest area available for wood production	Effect on forest area available for wood production Decrease	Effect on forest area available for wood production None	Effect on forest area available for wood production Increase	Effect on forest area available for wood production Variable	Effect on forest area available for wood production Unknown
Effect on harvest rates of wood and non wood forest products	Effect on harvest rates of wood and non wood forest products Decrease	Effect on harvest rates of wood and non wood forest products None	Effect on harvest rates of wood and non wood forest products Increase	Effect on harvest rates of wood and non wood forest products Variable	Effect on harvest rates of wood and non wood forest products Unknown

Comments

Question Title

* 3. What immediate effects have you seen on soil and water in forests in your country as a consequence of Covid-19

	Negative	None	Positive	Variable	Unknown
Effect on soil management and quality	Effect on soil management and quality Negative	Effect on soil management and quality None	Effect on soil management and quality Positive	Effect on soil management and quality Variable	Effect on soil management and quality Unknown
Effect on water management and quality	Effect on water management and quality Negative	Effect on water management and quality None	Effect on water management and quality Positive	Effect on water management and quality Variable	Effect on water management and quality Unknown

Comments

Question Title

* 4. What immediate effects have you seen on health and vitality of forests in your country as a consequence of Covid-19

	Decrease	No change	Increase	Variable	Unknown
Area affected by disease, insects, and alien invasives	Area affected by disease, insects, and alien invasives Decrease	Area affected by disease, insects, and alien invasives No change	Area affected by disease, insects, and alien invasives Increase	Area affected by disease, insects, and alien invasives Variable	Area affected by disease, insects, and alien invasives Unknown
Area affected by fire, wind, floods	Area affected by fire, wind, floods Decrease	Area affected by fire, wind, floods No change	Area affected by fire, wind, floods Increase	Area affected by fire, wind, floods Variable	Area affected by fire, wind, floods Unknown

Comments

Question Title

* 5. What immediate effects have you seen on forest carbon stocks in your country as a consequence of Covid-19

	Decrease	None	Increase	Variable	Unknown
Effect on forest carbon stocks	Effect on forest carbon stocks Decrease	Effect on forest carbon stocks None	Effect on forest carbon stocks Increase	Effect on forest carbon stocks Variable	Effect on forest carbon stocks Unknown
Effect on forest product carbon stocks	Effect on forest product carbon stocks Decrease	Effect on forest product carbon stocks None	Effect on forest product carbon stocks Increase	Effect on forest product carbon stocks Variable	Effect on forest product carbon stocks Unknown
Effect on use of forest biomass for energy	Effect on use of forest biomass for energy Decrease	Effect on use of forest biomass for energy None	Effect on use of forest biomass for energy Increase	Effect on use of forest biomass for energy Variable	Effect on use of forest biomass for energy Unknown

Comments

Question Title

* 6. What immediate effects have you seen on socio-economic benefits related to forests in your country as a consequence of Covid-19

	Decrease	None	Increase	Variable	Unknown
Effect on production of wood and non wood forest products	Effect on production of wood and non wood forest products Decrease	Effect on production of wood and non wood forest products None	Effect on production of wood and non wood forest products Increase	Effect on production of wood and non wood forest products Variable	Effect on production of wood and non wood forest products Unknown
Effect on use of wood and non wood forest products	Effect on use of wood and non wood forest products Decrease	Effect on use of wood and non wood forest products None	Effect on use of wood and non wood forest products Increase	Effect on use of wood and non wood forest products Variable	Effect on use of wood and non wood forest products Unknown
Effect on imports of wood and non wood forest products	Effect on imports of wood and non wood forest products Decrease	Effect on imports of wood and non wood forest products None	Effect on imports of wood and non wood forest products Increase	Effect on imports of wood and non wood forest products Variable	Effect on imports of wood and non wood forest products Unknown
Effect on exports of wood and non wood forest products	Effect on exports of wood and non wood forest products Decrease	Effect on exports of wood and non wood forest products None	Effect on exports of wood and non wood forest products Increase	Effect on exports of wood and non wood forest products Variable	Effect on exports of wood and non wood forest products Unknown
Effect on revenue from ecosystem services	Effect on revenue from ecosystem services Decrease	Effect on revenue from ecosystem services None	Effect on revenue from ecosystem services Increase	Effect on revenue from ecosystem services Variable	Effect on revenue from ecosystem services Unknown
Effect on investment in capital, research, extension and education	Effect on investment in capital, research, extension and education Decrease	Effect on investment in capital, research, extension and education None	Effect on investment in capital, research, extension and education Increase	Effect on investment in capital, research, extension and education Variable	Effect on investment in capital, research, extension and education Unknown
Effect on employment	Effect on employment Decrease	Effect on employment None	Effect on employment Increase	Effect on employment Variable	Effect on employment Unknown
Effect on workforce health and safety	Effect on workforce health and safety Decrease	Effect on workforce health and safety None	Effect on workforce health and safety Increase	Effect on workforce health and safety Variable	Effect on workforce health and safety Unknown
Effect on access to forests for recreation and tourism	Effect on access to forests for recreation and tourism Decrease	Effect on access to forests for recreation and tourism None	Effect on access to forests for recreation and tourism Increase	Effect on access to forests for recreation and tourism Variable	Effect on access to forests for recreation and tourism Unknown
Effect on number of visits to forests for recreation and tourism	Effect on number of visits to forests for recreation and tourism Decrease	Effect on number of visits to forests for recreation and tourism None	Effect on number of visits to forests for recreation and tourism Increase	Effect on number of visits to forests for recreation and tourism Variable	Effect on number of visits to forests for recreation and tourism Unknown
Effect on management of forests for cultural, social and spiritual values	Effect on management of forests for cultural, social and spiritual values Decrease	Effect on management of forests for cultural, social and spiritual values None	Effect on management of forests for cultural, social and spiritual values Increase	Effect on management of forests for cultural, social and spiritual values Variable	Effect on management of forests for cultural, social and spiritual values Unknown

Comments

Question Title

* 7. What immediate effects have you seen on legal, institutional and economic frameworks for sustainable forest management in your country as a consequence of Covid-19

	Negative	None	Positive	Variable	Unknown
Effect on legislation and policies	Effect on legislation and policies Negative	Effect on legislation and policies None	Effect on legislation and policies Positive	Effect on legislation and policies Variable	Effect on legislation and policies Unknown
Effect on taxation and economic strategies	Effect on taxation and economic strategies Negative	Effect on taxation and economic strategies None	Effect on taxation and economic strategies Positive	Effect on taxation and economic strategies Variable	Effect on taxation and economic strategies Unknown
Effects on property rights and law enforcement	Effects on property rights and law enforcement Negative	Effects on property rights and law enforcement None	Effects on property rights and law enforcement Positive	Effects on property rights and law enforcement Variable	Effects on property rights and law enforcement Unknown
Effect on activities in support of sustainable forest management	Effect on activities in support of sustainable forest management Negative	Effect on activities in support of sustainable forest management None	Effect on activities in support of sustainable forest management Positive	Effect on activities in support of sustainable forest management Variable	Effect on activities in support of sustainable forest management Unknown

Comments

Question Title

* 8. What effects do you expect to see on biological diversity in forests in your country as a consequence of Covid-19 between now and 2025

	Decrease	None	Increase	Variable
Ecosystem diversity	Ecosystem diversity Decrease	Ecosystem diversity None	Ecosystem diversity Increase	Ecosystem diversity Variable
Species diversity	Species diversity Decrease	Species diversity None	Species diversity Increase	Species diversity Variable
Genetic diversity	Genetic diversity Decrease	Genetic diversity None	Genetic diversity Increase	Genetic diversity Variable

Comments

Question Title

* 9. What effects do you expect to see on productive capacity of forests in your country as a consequence of Covid-19 between now and 2025

	Decrease	None	Increase	Variable
Effect on forest area available for wood production	Effect on forest area available for wood production Decrease	Effect on forest area available for wood production None	Effect on forest area available for wood production Increase	Effect on forest area available for wood production Variable
Effect on harvest rates of wood and non wood forest products	Effect on harvest rates of wood and non wood forest products Decrease	Effect on harvest rates of wood and non wood forest products None	Effect on harvest rates of wood and non wood forest products Increase	Effect on harvest rates of wood and non wood forest products Variable

Comments

Question Title

* 10. What effects do you expect to see on soil and water in forests in your country as a consequence of Covid-19 between now and 2025

	Negative	None	Positive	Variable
Effect on soil management and quality	Effect on soil management and quality Negative	Effect on soil management and quality None	Effect on soil management and quality Positive	Effect on soil management and quality Variable
Effect on water management and quality	Effect on water management and quality Negative	Effect on water management and quality None	Effect on water management and quality Positive	Effect on water management and quality Variable

Comments

Question Title

* 11. What effects do you expect to see on health and vitality of forests in your country as a consequence of Covid-19 between now and 2025

	Decrease	No change	Increase	Variable
Area affected by disease, insects, and alien invasives	Area affected by disease, insects, and alien invasives Decrease	Area affected by disease, insects, and alien invasives No change	Area affected by disease, insects, and alien invasives Increase	Area affected by disease, insects, and alien invasives Variable
Area affected by fire, wind, floods	Area affected by fire, wind, floods Decrease	Area affected by fire, wind, floods No change	Area affected by fire, wind, floods Increase	Area affected by fire, wind, floods Variable

Comments

Question Title

* 12. What effects do you expect to see on carbon stocks of forests in your country as a consequence of Covid-19 between now and 2025

	Negative	None	Positive	Variable
Effect on forest carbon stocks	Effect on forest carbon stocks Negative	Effect on forest carbon stocks None	Effect on forest carbon stocks Positive	Effect on forest carbon stocks Variable
Effect on forest product carbon stocks	Effect on forest product carbon stocks Negative	Effect on forest product carbon stocks None	Effect on forest product carbon stocks Positive	Effect on forest product carbon stocks Variable
Effect on use of forest biomass for energy	Effect on use of forest biomass for energy Negative	Effect on use of forest biomass for energy None	Effect on use of forest biomass for energy Positive	Effect on use of forest biomass for energy Variable

Comments

Question Title

* 13. What effects do you expect to see on socio-economic benefits from forests in your country as a consequence of Covid-19 between now and 2025

	Decrease	None	Increase	Variable
Effect on production of wood and non wood forest products	Effect on production of wood and non wood forest products Decrease	Effect on production of wood and non wood forest products None	Effect on production of wood and non wood forest products Increase	Effect on production of wood and non wood forest products Variable
Effect on use of wood and non wood forest products	Effect on use of wood and non wood forest products Decrease	Effect on use of wood and non wood forest products None	Effect on use of wood and non wood forest products Increase	Effect on use of wood and non wood forest products Variable
Effect on imports of wood and non wood forest products	Effect on imports of wood and non wood forest products Decrease	Effect on imports of wood and non wood forest products None	Effect on imports of wood and non wood forest products Increase	Effect on imports of wood and non wood forest products Variable
Effect on exports of wood and non wood forest products	Effect on exports of wood and non wood forest products Decrease	Effect on exports of wood and non wood forest products None	Effect on exports of wood and non wood forest products Increase	Effect on exports of wood and non wood forest products Variable
Effect on revenue from ecosystem services	Effect on revenue from ecosystem services Decrease	Effect on revenue from ecosystem services None	Effect on revenue from ecosystem services Increase	Effect on revenue from ecosystem services Variable
Effect on investment in capital, research, extension and education	Effect on investment in capital, research, extension and education Decrease	Effect on investment in capital, research, extension and education None	Effect on investment in capital, research, extension and education Increase	Effect on investment in capital, research, extension and education Variable
Effect on employment	Effect on employment Decrease	Effect on employment None	Effect on employment Increase	Effect on employment Variable
Effect on workforce health and safety	Effect on workforce health and safety Decrease	Effect on workforce health and safety None	Effect on workforce health and safety Increase	Effect on workforce health and safety Variable
Effect on access to forests for recreation and tourism	Effect on access to forests for recreation and tourism Decrease	Effect on access to forests for recreation and tourism None	Effect on access to forests for recreation and tourism Increase	Effect on access to forests for recreation and tourism Variable
Effect on number of visits to forests for recreation and tourism	Effect on number of visits to forests for recreation and tourism Decrease	Effect on number of visits to forests for recreation and tourism None	Effect on number of visits to forests for recreation and tourism Increase	Effect on number of visits to forests for recreation and tourism Variable
Effect on management of forests for cultural, social and spiritual values	Effect on management of forests for cultural, social and spiritual values Decrease	Effect on management of forests for cultural, social and spiritual values None	Effect on management of forests for cultural, social and spiritual values Increase	Effect on management of forests for cultural, social and spiritual values Variable

Comments

Question Title

* 14. What effects do you expect to see on legal, institutional and economic frameworks for sustainable forest management in your country as a consequence of Covid-19 between now and 2025

	Negative	None	Positive	Variable
Effect on legislation and policies	Effect on legislation and policies Negative	Effect on legislation and policies None	Effect on legislation and policies Positive	Effect on legislation and policies Variable
Effect on taxation and economic strategies	Effect on taxation and economic strategies Negative	Effect on taxation and economic strategies None	Effect on taxation and economic strategies Positive	Effect on taxation and economic strategies Variable
Effects on property rights and law enforcement	Effects on property rights and law enforcement Negative	Effects on property rights and law enforcement None	Effects on property rights and law enforcement Positive	Effects on property rights and law enforcement Variable
Effect on activities in support of sustainable forest management	Effect on activities in support of sustainable forest management Negative	Effect on activities in support of sustainable forest management None	Effect on activities in support of sustainable forest management Positive	Effect on activities in support of sustainable forest management Variable

Comments

Question Title

* 15. In general what do you see the long term impacts of Covid-19 on temperate and boreal forests in your country between now and 2050?

Question Title

* 16. In the aftermath of the Covid-19 pandemic what actions should be taken to continue progress towards Sustainable Forest Management in temperate and boreal forests?

Question Title

* 17. What country do your responses most relate to

Argentina

Australia

Canada

Chile

China

Japan

Korea

Mexico

New Zealand

Russia

USA

Uruguay

Other (please specify)

Question Title

* 18. What is your affiliation?

Non Governmental Organisation

Private Sector

Government Agency

Research/Academia

Community Group

Indigenous peoples group

Other (please specify)

Question Title

* 19. If you would like to be available for follow up questions or to receive a copy of the survey results please add your email address

Follow up discussions

Receive a copy of the results

Neither

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