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* 1. Academic writing...

  Yes, usually. No, not usually.
should be formal.
should not show the author's opinion.
is predictable.
should not be written in the first person ("I").
should not involve "dialogue" with the reader.
requires integration of other people's ideas.
should include cohesive devices, such as "therefore" and "however".

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* 2. Which are the most important sections in an academic essay?  (Rank them.)

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* 3. Briefly explain your choice for the 1st ranked item above.

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* 4. In this class you will need to read a number of scholarly journal articles.  Such articles generally follow a particular formula, with sections that almost always come in the same order.  Can you match those sections to their descriptions below?   (The descriptions are in the correct order already.)

  Results Appendix Abstract Discussion Introduction Conclusion Method References
In this section you can find a brief summary of the purpose of the research, and what the researcher(s) did.
In this section the author sets up the rationale for the study, especially by talking about what other researchers have already written on the subject, thus building a case for why her/his particular research is important.  
In this section the researcher presents information about the participants of the study, any instruments used, and how the study itself was carried out.
In this section the researcher presents data that emerged from the study, often in the form of tables and figures.
In this section the researcher talks about the data that was presented, usually in the context of whether or not they support what the researcher hoped to discover.  The issues written about earlier in the paper are also revisited here.
In this section the researcher usually talks about the limitations of the study, but also the broader implications of the research.  Often this section ends with a remark about future research.
In this section the researchers list all the literature that was included in their paper.
In this section, which is not always included, the researchers present extra materials of relevance to their paper.

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* 5. Academic writing uses a number Latin-origin abbreviations.  Check (mark) the abbreviations you know and know how to use.

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* 6. Which sentence below contains correct APA in-text citation formatting?

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* 7. In your opinion, how academically appropriate are the following sentences?

  Not appropriate Somewhat inappropriate Appropriate Very appropriate
"As I have demonstrated in this paper, students definitely benefit from intensive pronunciation practice."
"As I hope to have demonstrated in this paper, students can benefit from intensive pronunciation practice."
"As I have proved in this paper, students benefit from intensive pronunciation practice."
"As I have convincingly demonstrated in this paper, students can benefit from intensive pronunciation practice."
"As I think I have demonstrated in this paper, students probably benefit from intensive pronunciation practice."

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* 8. What does it mean to be a "critical" writer?

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* 9. In your opinion, briefly state what characterizes a "good" academic essay.  (1-3 sentences is fine.)

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* 10. What is the first thing you should have before you start writing?

T