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* 1. Match the following terms with the correct points on the IV-curve below:

Maximum Power Point (Pmp, Wmp or Pmax)

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* 2. Match the following terms with the correct points on the IV-curve below:

Open Circuit Voltage (Voc)

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* 3. Match the following terms with the correct points on the IV-curve below:

Short Circuit Current (Isc)

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* 4. Match the following terms with the correct points on the IV-curve below:

Maximum Power Voltage (Vmp)

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* 5. Match the following terms with the correct points on the IV-curve below:

Maximum Power Current (Imp)

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* 6. A 12.4 kWp solar PV array is connected to a grid-direct inverter which has a nominal power rating of 10 kW. The solar array is operating under the following conditions: 

  • Irradiance of 750 W/m2
  • Cell temperature of 25 °C
If the losses from irradiance and cell temperature are the only ones to be considered what is the expected output power for the system? 

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* 7. True or False: Temperature primarily affects the current output of a PV module.

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* 8. When two or more PV modules are wired in series, voltage is ______ and current is _____ in all parts of the circuit

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* 9. Which of the following is the correct definition of altitude angle?

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* 10. Which one of the following options is a common limiting factor when sizing residential PV systems? 

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* 11. What does a PV system performance estimate tell you?

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* 12. The grounded conductor is a/an ___________ that is intentionally connected to the grounding system at one point.

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* 13. What is the purpose of a functionally grounded system when using a transformer based isolated inverter? 

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* 14. True or False. To determine the max voltage for a PV source circuit it is necessary to calculate the max operating voltage (Vmp) for the modules considering how many there are connected in series and the minimum operating temperature for the PV system location.    

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* 15. A grid-direct (grid-connected without batteries) system has an inverter that operates at 240 VAC. The maximum recommended voltage drop on the AC side of the system should be around ________ or less.

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* 16. An overcurrent Protection Device (OCPD) must be sized in such a way that it will never operate at more than ______ of its nominal capacity rating.

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* 17. In order to meet National Electrical Code requirements, the equipment grounding conductor: (choose TWO)

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* 18. A potential customer has 538 Ft2 of optimal roof space for a PV system and their budget is $50,000. Unfortunately, there is no incentive programs in the area and there are no tax credit options available either. The annual load, in kWh, is so high that the area allocated cannot fit a PV system big enough to cover the required load and the budget is not sufficient for such a big system. If the cost of the PV system ranges between $2.50 - $5.00 per installed Watt. What will define the system size in this scenario? 

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* 19. Choosing the proper wire size for a circuit requires satisfying what TWO criteria?

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* 20. Based on the following specifications, calculate the required grid-direct PV system size in DC watts. 
  • Annual production of a 1 kW (STC) PV array per PVWatts at the location: 1,125 kWh/year
  • Average monthly energy consumption of potential customer: 1,500 kWh per month
  • PV system production to offset 75% of average monthly consumption

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* 21. Before commencing system start-up procedures always use a digital multimeter to test the array. Which TWO parameters are you looking for?

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* 22. An overcurrent Protection Device (OCPD) must be installed at the inverter output circuit. This OCPD must be sized according to what criteria?

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* 23. True or False: a 5,800 W PV system rated at STC cannot be connected to a grid-direct inverter that has a rated output power of 5,000 W without damaging the inverter.

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* 24. The heating element in an electric hot water heater operates at 240 VAC and consumes 18 amps; how much energy does it use if it is on for 2 hours?

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* 25. Grid direct inverters use ________ to operate the connected array at the “knee” of its IV curve.

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* 26. Match the following design conditions with their potential results. Choose 1, 2 or 3. 
  1. The inverter will make the PV array work at its maximum power
  2. The inverter will operate at a power and current below the optimal so it will turn itself off or not start at all
  3. The inverter may be damaged, and the warranty may be voided

  1 2 3
The PV array Vmp is out of the inverter’s operating range, hence in the warmest day of the year________ 

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* 27. Match the following design conditions with their potential results. Choose 1, 2 or 3. 
  1. The inverter will make the PV array work at its maximum power
  2. The inverter will operate at a power and current below the optimal so it will turn itself off or not start at all
  3. The inverter may be damaged, and the warranty may be voided

  1 2 3
The PV array Voc is out of the inverter’s operating range, hence in the coldest day of the year________ 

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* 28. In order to build voltage to meet the high DC input voltage window of grid-direct string inverters, modules are electrically connected in _____________ to form PV source circuits.

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* 29. How many peak sun hours, during winter (December) and summer (June), will the following PV array receive on an average day if it is unshaded, at a fixed-tilt angle of 55 degrees located in Eagle, CO which is located at ~40° N latitude.

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* 30. Consider 2 PV arrays, both with an installed capacity of 10 kW DC but with a different series/parallel configuration. One of them is wired to operate at 1,000 VDC while the other is wired to 600 VDC. What are TWO benefits that can be obtained from the system operating at 1,000 VDC over the one at 600 VDC? Choose two

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* 31. What is the maximum circuit current used to size the wire gauge for a PV source circuit?

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* 32. What is the max inverter output current for a 7.5 kW inverter connected to the following PV system? 
  • Nominal PV power at STC = 8 kW
  • PV array operating voltage = 550 VDC
  • Inverter output voltage = 240 VAC

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* 33. Please provide your contact information bellow to finish the test.

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