MRC World Microbiome Day Quiz Comp - Day 5 - (Triple I) Infection, Inflammation & Immunity

For each question below, select the correct multiple choice or check box to provide your answer.

You must complete the quiz for each day and get 100% of the answers correct to stay in the running for the prize, and you must include your name and email on each entry

Question Title

* 1. In medicine, _________________________ states that early childhood exposure to particular microorganisms protects against allergic diseases by contributing to the development of the immune system. In particular, a lack of exposure is thought to lead to defects in the establishment of immune tolerance.

the World Health Organisation (WHO)

the hygiene hypothesis

the built environment theory

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* 2. True or False?: Microbiota differences have been associated with a variety of inflammatory diseases, indicating that targeting or modulating the microbiota may be a novel therapeutic strategy that could nicely complement established treatments for inflammatory conditions.

False

True

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* 3. Pathologies that increasingly affect humans such as _, , and ____________ all arise from a failure to control misdirected immune responses against self, microbiota-derived or environmental antigens.

allergies, autoimmune and inflammatory disorders

allergies, rheumatoid arthritis, and diabetes.

IBD, autoimmune and inflammatory disorders.

diabetes, autoimmune and inflammatory disorders.

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* 4. ________________ is a term for a microbial imbalance or maladaptation on or inside the body, such as an impaired microbiota.

Infection

Nonbiosis

Homeostasis

Dysbiosis

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* 5. A role of bacteria in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis was identified when the respiratory tract pathogen ______ was detected within atherosclerotic vessels. Interestingly, infection of macrophage precursors (monocytes) by this microbe increased their adherence to , and chlamydial lipopolysaccharide was considered a key player in this process

Klebsiella pneumoniae / epithelium

Chlamydia pneumoniae / endothelium

Clostridioides difficile / red blood cells

Chlamydia pneumoniae / red blood cells

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* 6. A longitudinal study investigating children with atopic dermatitis (AD) suggested that dysbiosis of skin microbiota occurs during AD, although whether this dysbiosis contributed to inflammation remains unclear. Interestingly, treatment of AD with topical steroids and antimicrobials resulted in the restoration of bacterial diversity by decreasing _____ predominance in favour of _, _, and _____________ species.

S. epidermidis / Streptococcus, Corynebacterium, and Propionibacterium

S. aureus / Streptococcus, Corynebacterium, and Propionibacterium

S. aureus / Streptococcus, Campylobacter, and Propionibacterium

S. aureus / Streptococcus, Campylobacter, and Roseburia

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* 7. Enter your information below to be in the running for the prize for most the correct answers:

Your name:

Your contact number:

Your email:

Are you a hospital employee, university employee, or a member of the public:

Country of Residence:

Postcode:

Are you happy to be contacted by the MRC about future events, education and research?

MRC World Microbiome Day Quiz Comp - Day 5 - (Triple I) Infection, Inflammation & Immunity

Question Title

Question Title

* 2. True or False?: Microbiota differences have been associated with a variety of inflammatory diseases, indicating that targeting or modulating the microbiota may be a novel therapeutic strategy that could nicely complement established treatments for inflammatory conditions.

Question Title

* 3. Pathologies that increasingly affect humans such as ___________, __________, and ____________________ all arise from a failure to control misdirected immune responses against self, microbiota-derived or environmental antigens.

Question Title

* 4. ________________ is a term for a microbial imbalance or maladaptation on or inside the body, such as an impaired microbiota.

Question Title

Question Title

Question Title

* 7. Enter your information below to be in the running for the prize for most the correct answers:

* 3. Pathologies that increasingly affect humans such as _, , and ____________ all arise from a failure to control misdirected immune responses against self, microbiota-derived or environmental antigens.