2020 Paleo Knowledge Bowl - Round 2 Question Title * 1. The Green River Formation of Colorado, Wyoming, and Utah has many exquisite and beautiful fossils including exceptionally preserved insects, spiders, plants, and vertebrates including fish. These include palm trees, crocodiles, parrots, and lizards. The Green River Formation represents what type of depositional environment? Tropical lakes Open ocean Glacial rivers Taiga OK Question Title * 2. Scientists have discovered a baby bird preserved in approximately 99 million-year-old globs of solidified tree resin from Myanmar. What is the name given to fossilized tree resin? Urolite Steinkern Cololite Amber OK Question Title * 3. The small theropod from Massachusetts is most closely related to which one of the following dinosaurs? Allosaurus Coelophysis Deinonychus Tyrannosaurus OK Question Title * 4. Many questions in paleontology remain unresolved. For example, there is an ongoing debate as to whether two contemporaneous genera of Cretaceous dinosaurs were separate genera or simply different growth stages of the same species. What are the names of these two dinosaurs? Protoceratops and Leptoceratops Anchiceratops and Anchisaurus Apatosaurus and Brontosaurus Triceratops and Torosaurus OK Question Title * 5. Which order of insects that is currently the most diverse group, has a rich fossil record due to their hard and robust exoskeleton? Coleoptera Lingulida Diptera Strepsiptera OK Question Title * 6. Paleontologist and former Mount Holyoke professor Mignon Talbot received her PhD in Geology from Yale University in 1904. She was the first woman to do so and the first woman to become a member of the Paleontological Society. Dr. Talbot was also the first woman to name a non-avian dinosaur. What is the name of the dinosaur that she described in 1911? Anchisauropus Podokosaurus Thescelosaurus Othnielia OK Question Title * 7. A biomechanical study conducted in 2008 found that which one of the following had the strongest bite ever – a bite strong enough to crush a small car? The giant theropod Giganotosaurus The giant shark, megalodon The giant mosasaur Tylosaurus The giant crocodile, Deinosuchus OK Question Title * 8. Brachiopods are animals with two shells that used to dominate the marine fauna. Following the largest mass extinction recorded in the fossil record that wiped out many orders of the brachiopods, bivalved molluscs such as clams rapidly diversified to fill many of the niches formerly occupied by the brachiopods. This mass extinction occurred at the end of which geologic period? Ordovician Cretaceous Mesozoic Permian OK Question Title * 9. Chemical analyses done by Yale graduate student Jasmina Wiemann on the fossilized eggs of a species of oviraptor called Heyuannia huangi (hey-WANN-ee-ah WHUANG- aye) indicate that this dinosaur produced eggs that may have been similar in color to the eggs of the living ground nesting birds Emus and Cassowaries. What color was suggested by this study for the eggs of Heyuannia? white pale yellow deep blue-green dark brown OK Question Title * 10. A 2009 study of the olfactory bulbs (the organs in the skull associated with the sense of smell) of non-avian theropods indicate that the sense of smell was greatest in which two groups of meat-eating dinosaurs? Tyrannosaurids and dromaeosaurids Ornithomimosaurs and oviraptorids Ceratosaurs and stegosaurids Ceratopsians and allosaurids OK DONE