INTRO - 1-Cow_Milk Production - Part 1

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* 1. Please enter your First and Last Name

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* 2. Select the best answer. Milk production is dependent on a cow's:

breed and genetic potential

health and age

stage of lactation and nutrition

all of the above

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* 3. Select the best answer. When do the mammary alveoli develop to produce milk?

immediately after parturition

during the cow’s entire pregnancy, which lasts 9 months

during the cow’s entire pregnancy, which lasts 7 months

only during the dry period

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* 4. Select the best answer. What is colostrum?

milk with a high lactose concentration that cows produce during the first month of lactation in order to feed their calves

the first milk produced by lactating cows, which generally contains high levels of protein, fat, and lactose

milk with a special concentration of nutrients (high protein, low lactose) and defense components (immunoglobulin) that cows produce during the first days after parturition in order to feed and protect their calves

the very first stream of milk produced by cows, which should not be consumed by their calves

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* 5. What is the normal composition of cow milk on average?

87% water, 3.8% fat, 3.4% protein, 4.5% sugar, 1.3% other solids

87.5% water, 3.5% fat, 3.2% protein, 4.3% sugar, 1.5% other solids

67% water, 8.8% fat, 8.4% protein, 9.5% sugar, 6.3% other solids

78% water, 5.2% fat, 4.3% protein, 5.4% sugar, 3.1% other solids

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* 6. Milk is synthesized in secretory cells arranged as spherical structures called alveoli, which are located in the interior of the udder.

True

False

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* 7. The milk-secreting cells of the alveoli in the mammary gland are provided with a continuous supply of nutrients from the blood.

True

False

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* 8. Select the best answer. Milk-producing epithelial cells take ingredients from the blood brought by the blood capillaries and:

produce some components that will be part of the milk

only transfer them to the alveoli

transform all of them into other components more similar to milk

none of the above

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* 9. Select the best answer. Milk is:

continuously synthesized in the cisterns and stored in the teat

continuously synthesized in the alveoli and stored in the alveoli, milk ducts, udder, and teat cistern

continuously synthesized in the milk ducts and stored in the alveoli

alternately synthesized in the alveoli and stored in the milk ducts

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* 10. Select the best answer. What is the distribution of milk storage in the udder?

50% in the alveoli and small milk ducts; 50% in the cistern

10% in the alveoli and small milk ducts; 90% in the cistern

60–80% in the alveoli and small milk ducts; 20–40% in the cistern

20–40% in the alveoli and small milk ducts; 60–80% in the cistern

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* 11. Select the best answer. As long as lactation continues, how does milk yield change?

Milk yield generally increases for 6–8 weeks and after a peak, milk production declines.

Milk yield generally increases for 6–8 weeks and stays the same until the end of lactation.

Milk production declines after a peak that occurs in the first week of lactation.

none of the above

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* 12. Select the best answer. Why is reproduction efficiency so important to dairy farmers?

because having good reproduction efficiency is the best way to control diseases in the herd

because dairy farmers depend on new calves to increase the herd size

because milk production depends on pregnancy and parturition

because dairy farmers need to sell calves to make a profit

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* 13. Select the best answer. If cows are well-fed and stimulated, they can produce milk nonstop for a long period. After reaching a peak, the lactation curve will:

always increase

sometimes decrease

always decrease

sometimes increase

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* 14. Dairy farmers usually manage their herds so that each cow gives birth once a year and restarts milk production after a break called the dry period.

True

False

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* 15. Select the best answer. If a lactating cow is pregnant, it is recommended to interrupt her lactation ________ before the next parturition.

4 to 6 days

45 to 60 days

4 to 6 weeks

90 to 120 days

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* 16. During the dry period the mammary gland involutes and then prepares to start a new lactation, which begins with the production of colostrum.

True

False