| Every cell in a tissue sample has DNA | | | | | |
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| Centrifugation causes heavier substances to go to the bottom of a test tube | | | | | |
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| Gel electrophoresis uses an electric current to pull DNA across a gel | | | | | |
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| DNA is positively charged | | | | | |
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| Gel electrophoresis is used to shock the DNA so it "splits" open | | | | | |
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| Gel electrophoresis allows one to see the DNA and determine if extraction was successful | | | | | |
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| DNA can be used to determine the propensities of an organism to disease | | | | | |
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| DNA extraction allows scientists to determine mutations in a DNA sequence | | | | | |
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| PCR requires special enzymes to function at really high temperatures | | | | | |
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| PCR stands for Polymerase Chain Reaction | | | | | |
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| DNA can be amplified using PCR | | | | | |
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| It is easy to sequence small amounts of DNA | | | | | |
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| PCR is used to replicate a single or few copies of DNA | | | | | |
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| PCR is used to isolate only one gene within a genome | | | | | |
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| PCR is done to make DNA sequencing easier | | | | | |
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| PCR causes cells to replicate producing more DNA | | | | | |
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| To sequence DNA, dideoxynucleotides are used | | | | | |
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| DNA is made up of four different nucleotides | | | | | |
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| It is possible to sequence segments of DNA | | | | | |
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| DNA sequencing never works if the DNA contains mutations | | | | | |
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| DNA Sequencing defines the alphabetical order of the nucleotide bases | | | | | |
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| Knowing what the DNA sequence is for one gene determines the DNA sequence for the whole organism's genome. | | | | | |
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| The DNA sequence is essential for gene analysis | | | | | |
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| Today DNA sequencing takes too long to be useful | | | | | |
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| Computers are used to create the sequences of the DNA | | | | | |
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| Complimentary base pairing allows us to be able to create DNA sequences | | | | | |
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| Bioinformatics is using computer programs to analyze DNA | | | | | |
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| Bioinformatics is another name for a biological website | | | | | |
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| Bioinformatics is a technological application of biology | | | | | |
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| Bioinformatic is used to compare multiple DNA sequences | | | | | |
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| By knowing the DNA sequences we can know how the genes will be expressed | | | | | |
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| Bioinformatic Databases have allowed for easier comparison of genomes | | | | | |
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| Phylogenetic trees are also called cladograms | | | | | |
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| The same trait can never evolve in unrelated groups | | | | | |
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| Phylogenetics is the classification and naming of organisms | | | | | |
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| Phylogenetics shows how organisms relate evolutionarily | | | | | |
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| Phylogenetic mapping is made possible by molecular (DNA) sequencing | | | | | |
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| Phylogenetic trees are used to show evolutionary relationships | | | | | |
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| Phylogenetic trees help biologists understand how species are related | | | | | |
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| Phylogenetics helps classify species that aren't related to any other species | | | | | |
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