Nonverbal communication in sadness expression in Vietnam and English - speaking countries

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1. Age

Age

2. Gender

Gender   Male Female

3. Nationality

Nationality   British American Canadian Australian Others

4. Occupation

Occupation

5. Characteristics

Characteristics   Introverted Neutral Extroverted

6. How often do you express your sadness via nonverbal communication?

How often do you express your sadness via nonverbal communication?   always usually sometimes rarely never

7. How often do you express your sadness with these people? Please tick the box that best describes you

	Always	Usually	Sometimes	Rarely	Never
The older	*How often do you express your sadness with these people? Please tick the box that best describes you The older Always	The older Usually	The older Sometimes	The older Rarely	The older Never
The younger	The younger Always	The younger Usually	The younger Sometimes	The younger Rarely	The younger Never
The same age	The same age Always	The same age Usually	The same age Sometimes	The same age Rarely	The same age Never
Same sex	Same sex Always	Same sex Usually	Same sex Sometimes	Same sex Rarely	Same sex Never
Opposite sex	Opposite sex Always	Opposite sex Usually	Opposite sex Sometimes	Opposite sex Rarely	Opposite sex Never
Family member	Family member Always	Family member Usually	Family member Sometimes	Family member Rarely	Family member Never
Close friend	Close friend Always	Close friend Usually	Close friend Sometimes	Close friend Rarely	Close friend Never
Stranger	Stranger Always	Stranger Usually	Stranger Sometimes	Stranger Rarely	Stranger Never

8. Where are you more likely to express your sadness via nonverbal cues?

Where are you more likely to express your sadness via nonverbal cues?   a. At home b. At the restaurant c. At the workplace d. In the park e. Others ………………………….

9. Choose the one that you mostly often use to show your sadness through...

	Eyes	Eyebrows	Lips	Hand gesture
Choices	a. eyes cast downb. narrowed eyesc. closed eyesd. damp or tearful eyese. no changes Choose the one that you mostly often use to show your sadness through...   Choices   Eyes	a. pulling downb. pulling togetherc. no changes Eyebrows	a. lips pulling laterally and downwardsb. lips pinchingc. no changes Lips	a. cheek leaning on one folded handb. 2 hands covering the facec. 2 cupped hands coveringd. one hand covering eyese. one hand covering the forehead Hand gesture

10. How far is your conversational distance when you express your sadness? For each kind of one partner, please tick (√ ) one option:

	Intimate (0-0.5 m)	Personal (0.5-1 m)	Social (1-3.5 m)	Public (3.5-7.5 m)	> 7.5 m
The older	*How far is your conversational distance when you express your sadness? For each kind of one partner, please tick (√ ) one option: The older Intimate (0-0.5 m)	The older Personal (0.5-1 m)	The older Social (1-3.5 m)	The older Public (3.5-7.5 m)	The older > 7.5 m
The younger	The younger Intimate (0-0.5 m)	The younger Personal (0.5-1 m)	The younger Social (1-3.5 m)	The younger Public (3.5-7.5 m)	The younger > 7.5 m
The same age	The same age Intimate (0-0.5 m)	The same age Personal (0.5-1 m)	The same age Social (1-3.5 m)	The same age Public (3.5-7.5 m)	The same age > 7.5 m
Same sex	Same sex Intimate (0-0.5 m)	Same sex Personal (0.5-1 m)	Same sex Social (1-3.5 m)	Same sex Public (3.5-7.5 m)	Same sex > 7.5 m
Opposite sex	Opposite sex Intimate (0-0.5 m)	Opposite sex Personal (0.5-1 m)	Opposite sex Social (1-3.5 m)	Opposite sex Public (3.5-7.5 m)	Opposite sex > 7.5 m
Family member	Family member Intimate (0-0.5 m)	Family member Personal (0.5-1 m)	Family member Social (1-3.5 m)	Family member Public (3.5-7.5 m)	Family member > 7.5 m
Close friend	Close friend Intimate (0-0.5 m)	Close friend Personal (0.5-1 m)	Close friend Social (1-3.5 m)	Close friend Public (3.5-7.5 m)	Close friend > 7.5 m
Stranger	Stranger Intimate (0-0.5 m)	Stranger Personal (0.5-1 m)	Stranger Social (1-3.5 m)	Stranger Public (3.5-7.5 m)	Stranger > 7.5 m